CVE-2025-9491

CVE Enrichment

CVSS: 4.6 MEDIUM
EPSS: 73.03%
EPSS Percentile: 99.45%
CISA KEV: Not listed

Description

Microsoft Windows LNK File UI Misrepresentation Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Microsoft Windows. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of .LNK files. Crafted data in an .LNK file can cause hazardous content in the file to be invisible to a user who inspects the file via the Windows-provided user interface. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-25373.

Technical Details

CVSS Version: 4.0
CNA / NVD Source: zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com
Published: 27-Aug-2025 00:15
Last Modified: 17-Jun-2026 17:09
EPSS Date: 2026-10-12
CWE: CWE-451

CVSS Vector


            CVSS:4.0                            AV:L /
                            AC:L /
                            AT:N /
                            PR:N /
                            UI:A /
                            VC:N /
                            VI:L /
                            VA:N /
                            SC:N /
                            SI:N /
                            SA:N /
                            E:X /
                            CR:X /
                            IR:X /
                            AR:X /
                            MAV:X /
                            MAC:X /
                            MAT:X /
                            MPR:X /
                            MUI:X /
                            MVC:X /
                            MVI:X /
                            MVA:X /
                            MSC:X /
                            MSI:X /
                            MSA:X /
                            S:X /
                            AU:X /
                            R:X /
                            V:X /
                            RE:X /
                            U:X

Affected Products / Versions

microsoft / windows_11_23h2
Version / affected range: 10.0.22631.4169
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:10.0.22631.4169:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

References

Last enrichment sync: 13-Oct-2026 04:09
Sources: NVD · FIRST EPSS · CISA KEV
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Reported Context (1)

CVE-2025-9491 Recorded Future Identifies 85 High-Impact Vulnerabilities in July, Many Actively Exploited

CVE (80)

Malware (4)

Threat Actors (8)

Vendors (25)

Products (70)

Tools (1)

Countries (1)

Note: Related entities, including threat actors, malware, CVEs, MITRE ATT&CK techniques, vendors, products, tools, countries, and industries, are shown when they appear in the same reporting. Their presence does not necessarily mean they were targeted, compromised, vulnerable, responsible for the activity, or directly involved in the incident.