H1 2026 Threat Report Finds Rising CVE Exploitation and Continued Abuse of Trusted Tools

Summary
Insikt Group identified 215 actively exploited CVEs in H1 2026, up 34% year over year. Its report highlights abuse of trusted tools, persistent RAT activity, supply-chain compromises and NFC fraud, while AI mostly augmented existing tradecraft.
Key points
- Insikt Group identified 215 actively exploited CVEs, including 60 that combined network reachability, unauthenticated exploitation and remote code execution.
- Exploitation was reported or detected before, on or within seven days of NVD disclosure for 81 CVEs; 53 exploited vulnerabilities predated 2025.
- AsyncRAT led Recorded Future Malware Intelligence submissions with 59,507 unique hashes and 43,549 unique C2 configurations; submission volume alone did not establish operational diversity.
- Observed AI-enabled malware mostly aligned with AIM3 Levels 1–3, supporting tasks such as persistence, UI interpretation and delivery rather than fully autonomous operations.
- Supply-chain activity abused package installation scripts, maintainer accounts and developer integrations to harvest credentials and propagate malicious packages into downstream environments.
- Android malware including NFCShare and NGate used NFC data theft or relay capabilities to support unauthorized payments and ATM cash-outs.
- Magecart campaigns abused trusted services including Google Tag Manager and Stripe; the report recommends exposure prioritization, behavioral correlation, developer-secret protection and payment-page integrity monitoring.
Article Details
- Publisher
- Recorded Future
- Report Period
- H1 2026
- Scope
- Vulnerability exploitation, malware submissions and reporting, AI-enabled threats, ransomware, mobile fraud, software supply-chain compromises, and Magecart activity.
- Sample Size
- 215 actively exploited CVEs; malware submission and TTP datasets have no total sample size disclosed.
- Key Statistics
- Insikt Group identified 215 actively exploited CVEs in H1 2026, up 34% from 161 in H1 2025.
- Of the 215 exploited CVEs, 142 were network-accessible and exploitable without authentication; 60 also enabled remote code execution.
- Public PoC exploits were available for 66 of the 215 exploited CVEs (31%); availability did not establish independent testing or reliable weaponization.
- Exploitation was reported or detected before, on, or within seven days of NVD disclosure for 81 of 215 CVEs (38%); the overall median disclosure-to-exploitation interval was 31 days.
- AsyncRAT led H1 2026 Malware Intelligence submissions with 59,507 unique hashes and 43,549 unique C2 configurations; submission counts do not establish victim counts.
- Recommendations
- Inventory internet-facing assets and prioritize patching actively exploited, network-reachable, unauthenticated code-execution vulnerabilities; apply access restrictions and other interim mitigations when patching is delayed.
- Correlate exploitation alerts with subsequent command execution, discovery, payload transfer, credential access, outbound C2, and lateral movement.
- Protect developer and CI/CD secrets, restrict package-publishing privileges, review package lifecycle scripts, and monitor unauthorized repository creation and dependency changes.
- Restrict unapproved remote access tools, monitor backup-service termination and unusual exfiltration, and maintain isolated, regularly tested recovery systems.
- Control mobile app sideloading and monitor NFC relay abuse; inventory payment-page scripts and monitor checkout integrity and third-party integration changes.
MITRE ATT&CK
T1005 · Data from Local SystemCollection of data from compromised local systems was associated with 36 CVEs in detailed exploitation reporting.T1027 · Obfuscated Files or InformationObfuscated supply-chain payloads and LLM-generated decoy logic concealed malicious behavior and complicated analysis.T1041 · Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelExfiltration through C2 channels was associated with 30 CVEs in detailed exploitation reporting.T1059 · Command and Scripting InterpreterLazarus executed commands after exploiting React2Shell to deploy COPPERHEDGE.T1059.001 · PowerShellPowerShell supported malicious command execution, including a Hive0163 ClickFix lure that installed NodeSnake.T1059.003 · Windows Command ShellWindows command-shell execution was associated with 31 CVEs in detailed exploitation reporting.T1059.004 · Unix ShellUnix-shell execution was associated with 31 CVEs in detailed exploitation reporting.T1071.001 · Web ProtocolsWeb-protocol C2 communication was associated with 30 CVEs in detailed exploitation reporting.T1082 · System Information DiscoveryMalware profiled infected systems after execution; the technique was associated with 39 CVEs in detailed exploitation reporting.T1105 · Ingress Tool TransferAttackers transferred and staged follow-on payloads, including in a DonutLoader chain delivering REMCOS RAT.T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationExploitation of public-facing applications was associated with 77 of the 114 CVEs covered in detailed Insikt Group exploitation reporting.T1204 · User ExecutionGlassWorm activity relied on developers installing trojanized extensions or extension packs that retrieved malicious dependencies.T1505.003 · Web ShellWeb shells provided persistent server access following exploitation; all 28 associated CVEs also involved public-facing application exploitation.
CVE
CVE-2021-26855Separately, Mimikatz was also associated with the China-linked SHADOW-EARTH-053’s exploitation of CVE-2021-26855, which affected Microsoft Exchange Server.CVE-2023-27532[CVE identifiers ] exploited or referenced – CVE-2026-20131, CVE-2025-68947, CVE-2023-27532, CVE-2024-4345, and 2 more itemsCVE-2024-4345[CVE identifiers ] exploited or referenced – CVE-2026-20131, CVE-2025-68947, CVE-2023-27532, CVE-2024-4345, and 2 more itemsCVE-2025-68947[CVE identifiers ] exploited or referenced – CVE-2026-20131, CVE-2025-68947, CVE-2023-27532, CVE-2024-4345, and 2 more itemsCVE-2026-20131[CVE identifiers ] exploited or referenced – CVE-2026-20131, CVE-2025-68947, CVE-2023-27532, CVE-2024-4345, and 2 more items
Threat Actors
APT37North Korean group used Facebook-based pretexting to induce installation of a tampered PDFelement installer delivering DOGCALL.Camaro DragonChina-nexus group deployed PlugX against Qatari targets.Hive0163Used a clipboard-hijacking ClickFix lure to install NodeSnake and also deployed Interlock RAT.KimsukyDistributed AsyncRAT through a multistage LNK infection chain hosted on GitHub and Dropbox.SHADOW-EARTH-053China-linked group associated with Mimikatz use following exploitation of CVE-2021-26855 in Microsoft Exchange Server.Storm-1175China-linked group associated with ten CVEs and deployment of Medusa alongside credential theft, remote execution, and data-transfer tooling.StrikeSharkUsed a consistent six-tool post-exploitation stack across thirteen CVEs affecting public-facing technologies.TAG-176Used a Finger protocol-based ClickFix chain to deliver CastleLoader.TeamPCPReportedly compromised LiteLLM; Socket assessed with medium confidence that compromised SAP-related npm packages were linked to this group and related Shai-Hulud-style activity.VerdantBambooDeployed BRICKSTORM after obtaining default-account SSH credentials from a victim's managed service provider and exploiting a sudo misconfiguration.
Malware
AsyncRATRATs remained highly prominent, with AsyncRAT leading malware submissions by unique hashes and C2 diversity.CanisterWormActivity attributed to or closely resembling TeamPCP’s “CanisterWorm” campaign, reported throughout H1 2026, followed a similar pattern.GlassWorm[Malware families ] observed in reporting – AsyncRAT, Cobalt Strike, XWorm, Stealc, REMCOS RAT, Gh0st RAT, PromptSpy, NGate, NFCShare, PlugX, DOGCALL (RokRAT), Vidar, Amatera, GlassWormNFCShare#AsyncRATNGate#AsyncRATPromptSpy#AsyncRATRemcos RAT[Malware families ] observed in reporting – AsyncRAT, Cobalt Strike, XWorm, Stealc, REMCOS RAT, Gh0st RAT, PromptSpy, NGate, NFCShare, PlugX, DOGCALL (RokRAT), Vidar, Amatera, GlassWormShai-HuludSupply-chain attacks, including Shai-Hulud-like and TeamPCP-related activity, targeted npm, GitHub, CI/CD, and AI-enabled developer tools to steal credentials and propagate malicious code.StealC#AsyncRATXWorm#AsyncRAT
Vendors
AppleBy comparison, H1 2025’s top affected vendors after Microsoft were Apple with eight CVEs, Ivanti with seven, Linux with six, and SonicWall, Google, Fortinet, and Craft CMS with four each.CiscoRed Hat ranked second with fifteen CVEs, Cisco third with thirteen, Vercel fourth with eleven, and Fortinet fifth with nine.FortinetRed Hat ranked second with fifteen CVEs, Cisco third with thirteen, Vercel fourth with eleven, and Fortinet fifth with nine.Microsoft[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceNsecSoftransomware payload to disable endpoint security controls before encryption; it dropped the vulnerable NsecSoft NSecKrnl driver, registered it as a service, and exploited CVE-2025-68947 to terminate processesRed Hat[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceVeeam(RaaS) ecosystem identified shared references, scripts, and snippets related to extracting Veeam credentials, including references to CVE-2023-27532 affecting Veeam Backup & Replication.VercelRed Hat ranked second with fifteen CVEs, Cisco third with thirteen, Vercel fourth with eleven, and Fortinet fifth with nine.
Products
Adobe Commerce[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceAndroidAndroid NFC malware became a major mobile threat trend, with NFCShare and NGate enabling payment-card theft, contactless fraud, and ATM cash-outs.Catalyst SD-WAN ManagerCVEs, followed by Red Hat Enterprise Linux with thirteen, Vercel Next.js with eleven, Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager with eight, and Apple iOS and iPadOS with seven.Cisco Secure Firewall Management CenterThreat actors deploying Interlock ransomware exploited a Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center zero-day (CVE-2026-20131) to execute code as root on unpatched devicesClaude CodeDistributed via a trojanized Claude Code installerLiteLLMIn March 2026, Trend Micro reported that TeamPCP compromised LiteLLM, an AI gateway used to connect applications with multiple large language model providers, and used the access to harvest API keys, cloud credentials,Magento[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceMicrosoft Exchange Server[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceNext.js[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceRed Hat Enterprise Linux[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceVeeam Backup & Replicationrelated to extracting Veeam credentials, including references to CVE-2023-27532 affecting Veeam Backup & Replication.Windows Server[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe CommerceWooCommerce[Operating system / application targets ] referenced in attacks – Microsoft Exchange Server, SharePoint, Windows Server, Next.js, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Android, WooCommerce, Magento, and Adobe Commerce
Tools
Cobalt Strike[Malware families ] observed in reporting – AsyncRAT, Cobalt Strike, XWorm, Stealc, REMCOS RAT, Gh0st RAT, PromptSpy, NGate, NFCShare, PlugX, DOGCALL (RokRAT), Vidar, Amatera, GlassWormfscanIn the StrikeShark campaign, SharkLoader, Cobalt Strike Beacon, FScan, Searchall, Pillager Stealer, and SharpGPOAbuse were linked to the same thirteen CVEs.Impacket[Tools / software names ] seen in campaigns – AnyDesk, PsExec, s5cmd, Rclone, Mimikatz, Impacket, Atera, DWAgent, and MeshAgentMimikatz[Tools / software names ] seen in campaigns – AnyDesk, PsExec, s5cmd, Rclone, Mimikatz, Impacket, Atera, DWAgent, and MeshAgentPsExecRansomware operators continued using established access and evasion methods such as ClickFix lures, public-facing application exploitation, and legitimate admin tools like AnyDesk, PsExec, and s5cmd.RClone[Tools / software names ] seen in campaigns – AnyDesk, PsExec, s5cmd, Rclone, Mimikatz, Impacket, Atera, DWAgent, and MeshAgents5cmdRansomware operators continued using established access and evasion methods such as ClickFix lures, public-facing application exploitation, and legitimate admin tools like AnyDesk, PsExec, and s5cmd.SearchallIn the StrikeShark campaign, SharkLoader, Cobalt Strike Beacon, FScan, Searchall, Pillager Stealer, and SharpGPOAbuse were linked to the same thirteen CVEs.SharpGPOAbuseIn the StrikeShark campaign, SharkLoader, Cobalt Strike Beacon, FScan, Searchall, Pillager Stealer, and SharpGPOAbuse were linked to the same thirteen CVEs.
Countries
BrazilIn April 2026, a new NGate variant targeting Android users in Brazil trojanized the legitimate HandyPay NFC relay application.ChinaSeparately, Mimikatz was also associated with the China-linked SHADOW-EARTH-053’s exploitation of CVE-2021-26855, which affected Microsoft Exchange Server.IndiaDelivered in an updated v1.1 campaign via a malicious Compiled HTML Help (CHM) file that targeted India’s banking sector and South Korean government entitiesUnited StatesDeployed using the ZPHP JavaScript loader, which was spread through ClickFix and fake CAPTCHA prompts targeting US state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) government organizations
Industries
BankingDelivered in an updated v1.1 campaign via a malicious Compiled HTML Help (CHM) file that targeted India’s banking sector and South Korean government entitiesE-commercepayment interfaces, and administrator-aware evasion to conceal payment-card theft within legitimate e-commerce workflows.Financial institutionsdata, including medical sales platforms, digital health services, insurance environments, financial institutions, and blockchain governance controls.GovernmentDeployed using the ZPHP JavaScript loader, which was spread through ClickFix and fake CAPTCHA prompts targeting US state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) government organizationsManufacturingDelivered via invoice-themed phishing targeting German manufacturing organizations that exploited CVE-2024-4345