MITRE ATT&CK Technique
T1048.003Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol
- First Reported
- —
- Latest Reported
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Official Description
Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco)
Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.
Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.
- Tactics
- Exfiltration
- Platforms
- ESXi, Linux, macOS, Network Devices, Windows
- Parent Technique
- T1048 · Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol
- MITRE Version
- 2.2
- Last Modified
- May 12, 2026